Ursodox (Ursodeoxycolic)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), also known as ursodiol, is a naturally occurring bile acid derived from the metabolism of cholesterol in the liver. It is primarily used as a medication to dissolve gallstones, particularly cholesterol gallstones, and to treat certain liver diseases such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Ursodeoxycholic acid works by reducing the cholesterol content in bile, which helps dissolve cholesterol gallstones and prevents the formation of new ones. Additionally, it has cytoprotective and immunomodulatory properties that are beneficial in treating liver diseases like PBC, where it helps slow disease progression and alleviate symptoms by reducing liver inflammation and bile duct damage. Ursodeoxycholic acid is available in oral tablet or capsule formulations and is generally well-tolerated, with common side effects including gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal discomfort. However, it is contraindicated in certain conditions such as complete biliary obstruction and acute cholecystitis. Overall, UDCA is an important medication in the management of gallstone-related disorders and certain liver diseases, but its use should be supervised by a healthcare professional.